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不锈钢制作材料
Stainless steel making materials
各产品由于用途的不同，其加工工艺和原料的品质要求也不同。一般来说不锈钢制品的不同，其要求原料厚度公差也各不相同，象二类餐具和保温杯等，厚度公差一般要求较高，为-3~5%，而一类餐具厚度公差一般要求-5%，钢管类要求-10%，宾馆用冷柜用材厚度公差要求为-8%，经销商对厚度公差的要求一般在-4%~6%间。同时产品内外销的不同也会导致客户对原料厚度公差要求的不同。一般出口产品客户的厚度公差要求较高，而内销企业对厚度公差要求相对较低（大多出于成本方面考虑），部分客户甚至要求-15%。
Because of their different uses, the requirements of the processing technology and the quality of the raw materials are different. Generally speaking, different stainless steel products require different thickness tolerances of raw materials, such as type II tableware and insulating cups. Thickness tolerances are generally higher, ranging from - 3 to 5%. Thickness tolerances of type I tableware are - 5%, steel pipe is - 10%, thickness tolerances of cold cabinet materials for hotels are - 8%. Distributors are tolerant to thickness. The difference is usually between -4%~6%. At the same time, the difference in product export will lead to different requirements for the thickness tolerance of raw materials. Generally, the thickness tolerance requirements of exporting customers are higher, while those of domestic enterprises are relatively low (mostly due to cost considerations), and some customers even require - 15%.
①DDQ（deep drawing quality）材：是指用于深拉（冲）用途的材料，也就是大家所说的的软料，这种材料的主要特点是延伸率较高（≧53%），硬度较低（≦170%），内部晶粒等级在7.0~8.0之间，深冲性能极佳。许多生产保温瓶、锅类的企业，其产品的加工比（BLANKING SIZE/制品直径）一般都比较高，它们的加工比分别达3.0、1.96、2.13、1.98。SUS304DDQ用材主要就是用于这些要求较高加工比的产品，当然加工比超过2.0的产品一般都需经过几道次的拉伸才能完成。如果原料延伸方面达不到的话，在加工深拉制品时产品极易产生裂纹、拉穿的现象，影响成品合格率，当然也就加大了厂家的成本；
(1) DDQ (deep drawing quality) material: refers to the material used for deep drawing (punching) purposes, that is, what we call soft material. The main characteristics of this material are high elongation (> 53%), low hardness (< 170%), internal grain grade between 7.0 and 8.0, and excellent deep drawing performance. The processing ratio (BLANKING SIZE/product diameter) of many enterprises producing thermos bottles and pots is generally higher, and their processing ratio is 3.0, 1.96, 2.13 and 1.98, respectively. SUS304DDQ is mainly used for these products with high processing ratio. Of course, products with processing ratio over 2.0 usually need several times of stretching to complete. If the extension of raw materials is not achieved, the products are prone to crack and break through during deep drawing, which affects the qualified rate of finished products, and of course increases the cost of manufacturers.
②一般材：主要用于除了DDQ用途外的材料，这种材料的特点是延伸率相对较低（≧45%），而硬度相对较高（≦180HB），内部晶粒度等级在8.0~9.0间，与DDQ用材比较，它的深冲性能相对稍差，它主要用于不需伸拉就能得到的制品，象一类餐具的勺、匙、叉、电器用具、钢管用途等。但它与DDQ材相比有一个优点，就是BQ性相对较好，这主要是由于它的硬度稍高的缘故。
(2) General materials: Mainly used for materials other than DDQ. This material is characterized by relatively low elongation (> 45%), relatively high hardness (< 180HB), internal grain size grades between 8.0 and 9.0. Compared with DDQ materials, its deep drawing performance is relatively poor. It is mainly used for products that can be obtained without stretching. Like tableware, spoons, forks, electrical appliances, steel pipes, etc. But it has an advantage over DDQ material, that is, BQ is relatively good, which is mainly due to its slightly higher hardness.